On July 10, The Episcopal Church’s House of Deputies gave final approval to a liturgy for the blessing of same-sex unions.

Resolution A049 authorizes the provisional use of a liturgy for the blessing of same-sex relationships. Strictly speaking, it is not “marriage,” but rather “The Witnessing and Blessing of a Lifelong Covenant.” However, it has many of the same elements as the traditional marriage service, including the exchange of vows and rings.

The Rev. Jack Zamboni, a deputy from the Diocese of New Jersey, praised the quality of the draft liturgy, saying that he wished he and his wife could have used it when they were married. He also told of how two lesbian parishioners of his were moved to tears when he told them that this General Convention would be considering a rite to bless their relationship. “They had never thought it would happen in their lifetime,” he said.

Deputy Ian Hallas from the Diocese of Chicago, who identified himself as a straight ally, spoke of his sister and her love for her partner. “The reason I return [to General Convention] is for my sister. I seek to assure that she not only has the same rites as myself but also the same privileges.”

But there were some who were adamantly opposed to the resolution. “For 2,000 years, the church has had clear teaching regarding marriage,” said the Very Rev. David Thurlow, deputy from the Diocese of South Carolina. He was a member of the committee that endorsed the resolution, but he dissented from its report.

“This resolution marks a clear and significant departure — theological, doctrinal and in worship — from the doctrine, discipline and worship of Christ as this church has received them,” he said. It introduces a “new theology of human sexuality,” he continued.

The final passage of the resolution was marred by procedural squabbling. A deputy moved to divide the resolution, and the President of the House of Deputies accepted his request. Her ruling was then challenged, and confusion reigned as the House tried to figure out how to proceed. Ultimately, the motion to divide was voted down, and the resolution was finally able to proceed to a final vote.

Because there was a request to vote ‘by orders,’ the clerical and lay deputations from each diocese had to vote separately. The final tally was:

CLERICAL DEPUTATIONS:

85 Yes

22 No

4 Divided

LAY DEPUTATIONS:

86 Yes

19 No

5 Divided

The House of Bishops already passed the resolution, so it is now officially on the books. Same-sex blessings will be available from the first Sunday in Advent, though bishops will not be required to allow their clergy to use them.

Just before the vote on A049, the House of Deputies considered Resolution C095, which finally nudged the church down the road to structural reform. It calls for the creation of a task force of up to 24 people who will collect ideas from all levels of the church regarding possible changes to the church’s structure and system of government.

The General Convention received over 51 resolutions calling for structural reform, and it fell to the Committee on Structure to craft a single resolution that would be acceptable to as many people as possible. Their work produced C095, and in an astounding turn of events, it managed to pass the Deputies on a unanimous voice vote.

After its passage, the Rev. Gay Jennings, co-chair of the Committee on Structure and President-Elect of the House of Deputies, said that there was “a palpable desire to reimagine how we do business. I think as much as the discussion is about structure, perhaps even more the passion and the interest in this is about identity and vision: who we are as the church, who is God calling us to be in the 21st century.”

The measure now goes to the House of Bishops.

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On the fifth day of The Episcopal Church’s General Convention, the House of Bishops voted 111 to 41 to approve the draft liturgy for the blessing of same-sex unions.

Resolution A049 would not actually allow same-sex couple to marry, but would allow them to have their relationship blessed using a service known as “The Witnessing and Blessing of a Lifelong Covenant.”

Before it went to the House of Bishops, the Resolution was considered by the Committee on the Prayer Book, Liturgy, and Church Music, where it underwent substantial amendment. Most of the amendments were minor tweaks to the wording of the liturgy, but the committee also included a new clause specifying that Episcopal clergy would not be compelled to use the rite. Furthermore, it also declared that no bishop, member of the clergy, or lay person could be penalized because of their conscientious disagreement with the decision to bless same-sex unions.

During his introductory remarks on the resolution, the co-chair of the Prayer Book, Liturgy, and Church Music Committee, Bishop Thomas Ely of Vermont, said that “there is a place in this process for every Episcopalian regardless of their level of support for the material. Read it. Reflect upon it. Use it, but please don’t ignore it.”

Bishop John Bauerschmidt of Tennessee demanded a roll call vote, and called on the House to reject the resolution. “This liturgy that is proposed does not have the basis in scripture, tradition or reason for us to authorize its use.”

His remarks were echoed by Bishop Edward Little of Northern Indiana. “The Christian world will look at that liturgy world and see vows, and exchange of rings, a pronouncement and a blessing and they will understand that to mean the Episcopal Church has endorsed same-sex marriage and changed a basic Christian doctrine. I do not believe that we are free to do that.”

Some of the bishops claimed that the resolution would alienate Hispanic members of the church. But Bishop Leo Frade of Southeast Florida called his brethren out for treating Hispanics as a monolithic block. “The reality is that we, like everybody else, have gay children. We have gay parents. We have gay uncles,” he said.

“You cannot generalize that Hispanics are going to run away from the Episcopal Church because we have a door that’s open. We are going to run from immigration that’s trying to deport us, but not from the Episcopal Church,” he continued.

Bishop Steven Miller of Milwaukee also opposed the resolution, claiming that it would turn LGBTQ Episcopalians into second-class citizens who could receive a blessing, but not marry.

But by and large, most bishops announced their support for the proposal, saying that they were true to the spirit of Anglicanism, which has long aimed to be a ‘big tent’ church that includes diverse theological viewpoints. Bishop Nathan Baxter of Central Pennsylvania exhorted his fellow bishops to “theological, pastoral and canonical inclusion.” He reminded the House that the church had been mulling issues of homosexuality for over 40 years, and it was time to move the conversation forward.

The resolution must now go before the House of Deputies before it can become church law.

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Thousands of Episcopalians have arrived in Indianapolis for the church’s triennial General Convention. During the week-long assembly, bishops and elected representatives of the clergy and laity discuss changes to church law and policy. But before the main legislative work begins, the General Convention’s committees must scrutinize the plethora of proposed resolutions that have been submitted.

Institutional reform is a topic that looms large on the Convention’s agenda, and dioceses across the country have submitted resolutions calling for structural change. During an evening hearing on July 5, the Committee on Structure heard testimony from bishops, deputies, and visitors who claimed that the church’s institutions were in need of comprehensive reform.

The Bishop of Central Pennsylvania, Sean Rowe, struck an ominous note when he warned the committee that “the church structure as it is now is on the verge of imploding.”

Similarly, the Bishop of Atlanta, Neil Alexander, called for “a new structure and a new approach to doing mission in the 21st century.”

“I believe that every baptized person, ordained or not, shares in the governance of the church, but we’ve also frankly got some idolatry, I believe, around some of our structures and I think it’s time we put them all on the table and gave them a really hard look,” he continued.

Other witnesses took a more cautious line. “Let’s stop thinking and saying our church is broken. Our church is not broken,” said Joan Geiszler-Ludlum, a Deputy from the Diocese of East Carolina.

“We have in place structures and concepts and values that have served us well for more than 100 years,” she continued.

But when the committee gathered the next day to consider what they had heard, members noted that the testimony did not contain any firm solutions to the problem.

“People don’t know exactly what they want but are asking for change, something different,” said Judith Conley, a Deputy from the Diocese of Arizona.

Fifty-one resolutions calling for structural reform have been submitted to the General Convention, and the Committee on Structure decided to appoint a subcommittee to try to streamline them into a single resolution to put before the whole Convention.

Many of the resolutions were based on a model resolution proposed by Bishop Stacy Sauls, the church’s Chief Operating Officer. That resolution called for a special commission to be appointed by the Presiding Bishop and the President of the House of Deputies which would be charged with coming up with “a plan to the church for reforming its structures, governance, administration, and staff to facilitate this church’s faithful engagement in Christ’s mission.” The resolution also called for a special General Convention to be held prior to the next scheduled one in 2015.

Others called for more radical change. The Diocese of San Diego proposed a resolution that would amend the church’s constitution in order to provide for the calling of a special constitutional convention that could immediately enact constitutional changes.

According to the Rev. Michael Russell, one of the diocese’s deputies, the other proposals “are just going to be an opportunity to recycle the same old things by folks who are already well-embedded in the system.”

He went on to say that the proposed constitutional convention would be a great way “to bring all the issues that we have with the constitutional, the canons, the Book of Common Prayer, all those pieces and get everybody at the table who wants to discuss making change in the church.”

Elsewhere, the Prayer Book, Liturgy, and Music Committee endorsed a resolution creating a task force to study “biblical, theological, historical, liturgical and canonical dimensions of marriage.”

It also instructed the task force to work with the Standing Commissions on Canons and on Liturgy and Music to provide assistance for clergy living in jurisdictions where same-sex marriage is legal.

Testifying in support of the proposed task force, deputies from the Diocese of El Camino Real spoke of how a similar study in their own diocese had proved to be a positive experience.

Within the committee itself there was some dissent. The Rev. David Thurlow, a Deputy from the Diocese of South Carolina, objected to the cost of the task force, as well as its effect on The Episcopal Church’s ecumenical outreach.

“My deepest regret is that, when it comes to moral theology, we’re really willing to part company with the wider one holy catholic church,” he said during the committee’s deliberations.

But his fellow committee member, Deputy Katrina Hamilton from the Diocese of Olympia, spoke out in favor of the task force. “I would like to get married one day myself, and when I do I would like to know what it is,” she said.

“I think we need this for all of us, not just for our gay and lesbian friends and brothers and sisters, but for me as well.”

Image Courtesy of  Sybille Yates / Shutterstock.com

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