Chicago, U.S.A. — The National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA) and The Gatorade Company have teamed up to declare July 11, 2012, a day when U.S. sports takes a break from competition, the first annual National Recovery Day.

With high school athletes suffering two million injuries each year(1), National Recovery Day has been established to focus the attention of athletes on the importance of proper athletic recovery in order to continuously perform at their best.

The Gatorade Sports Science Institute recommends the following fueling guidelines for proper athletic recovery:

1. Studies show that consuming about 20g of protein as soon as possible following training or competition, can help enhance the muscle recovery process.
2. To speed up your body’s muscle recovery between games or practices, consume approximately 1/2 g of carbohydrate/pound of body weight* when the next workout is less than eight hours away.
3. Drink 16-24 ounces of fluid with sodium for each pound of body weight lost during exercise following a workout or game.

Athletes are constantly on the move from one workout to the next, and proper recovery is essential not only for rebuilding muscle but for sustaining strength. The focus on post-competition routines has been brought to the national stage leading up to and on National Recovery Day with professional athletes including the NY Yankees’ Derek Jeter, Washington Redskins’ Quarterback Robert Griffin III and Carolina Panthers’ Quarterback Cam Newton discussing how proper athletic recovery has allowed them to evolve as an athlete and achieve success in their respective professional sports careers.

As part of National Recovery Day, NATA and Gatorade are asking athletes and athletic trainers nationwide to share their recovery tips on Gatorade’s Facebook and Twitter pages and NATA’s Facebook and Twitter pages.

“How athletes treat their bodies is critical to their performance,” said incoming NATA President Jim Thornton, MA, ATC, PES, CES. “How they prepare and recover physically and how they fuel their bodies before, during and after training or competition all make a difference. We hope that National Recovery Day will serve as a reminder to athletes worldwide to do everything possible to set themselves up for athletic success.”

“We are pleased to team with the National Athletic Trainers’ Association on this effort to emphasize the importance of athletic recovery,” said Asker Jeukendrup, global senior director, Gatorade Sports Science Institute. “By combining our areas of expertise, we are working to ensure athletes are aware that recovering well is the key to coming back a stronger and better athlete.”

For more information on National Recovery Day, please visit www.nata.org or www.gatorade.com.

Image Courtesy of  Herbert Kratky / Shutterstock.com

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Philadelphia, U.S.A. – Researchers studying the molecular signals that drive a specific type of lymphoma have discovered a key biological pathway leading to this type of cancer. Cancerous cells have been described as being “addicted” to certain oncogenes (cancer-causing genes), and the new research may lay the groundwork for breaking that addiction and effectively treating aggressive types of B cell lymphoma.

B cell lymphomas, which occur both in children and adults, are cancers that attack B cells in the immune system.

“Our research suggests ways to devise more specific therapies to selectively kill tumor cells in a subset of lymphomas,” said study leader Andrei Thomas-Tikhonenko, Ph.D., an oncology researcher at The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia.

The study, conducted in animal cells and human cell cultures, appeared May 1 in The Journal of Clinical Investigation.

An oncogene is a type of gene that normally produces a protein active in cell growth or regulation. However, when the gene is mutated or otherwise overproduced, it can cause cancer. One family of oncogenes is called MYC, and the current study focused on how the MYC oncogene drives B cell lymphoma. MYC codes for Myc, a type of protein called a transcription factor. At high levels, MYC causes the uncontrolled cell growth that is a hallmark of cancer.

The researchers focused on the crucial role of the cell surface receptor CD19, a protein residing on the surface of all B cells that normally recognizes foreign invaders. “We found that CD19 is absolutely required to stabilize the Myc protein,” said Thomas-Tikhonenko. “When Myc is stable and present in high levels, it fuels cancer.” Patients with high levels of the Myc protein are more likely to die of lymphoma.

Patients with high levels of Myc also had high levels of CD19, and the current study describes a previously unknown molecular pathway that depends on CD19. It also implicates CD19 as a molecular on-off switch on that pathway. Usually, said Thomas-Tikhonenko, when you inhibit one pathway, another pathway compensates to produce the same end result. But in this case, there is no such redundant pathway: “Without CD19, there is no Myc,” he added, “so controlling that on-off switch could represent a powerful tool against lymphoma.”

The findings are particularly relevant, said Thomas-Tikhonenko, to current oncology clinical trials that are testing antibodies that act broadly against the CD19 receptor. Such antibodies kill all B cells, and thus weaken the immune system. His study suggests that understanding the CD19 pathway could enable researchers to design a more specific therapy that selectively kills tumor cells while sparing healthy B cells.

Further studies in his lab, he added, will further investigate these molecular pathways and how to translate this knowledge into future anti-cancer treatments.

The National Institutes of Health, the V Foundation and the W.W. Smith Charitable Trust supported this study. In addition, a co-author, Elaine Y. Chung, Ph.D., was a fellow of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society. Other co-authors, all from Children’s Hospital, were James N. Psathas, Ph.D., Duonan Yu, M.D., Ph.D., Yimei Li, Ph.D., and Mitchell J. Weiss, M.D., Ph.D.

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Hummus is the perfect food. What can best these levels of protein and fiber? Hardly any carbs? No meat? Wait, it only costs one dollar to make a dozen servings? It takes minutes to make? You do not have to use an oven or microwave? Endless customizable options? Jesus ate it?

Hummus is an ancient food eaten during biblical times. Incorporating the garbanzo bean (chickpea), ground sesame seeds, and Mesopotamian spices, the dish has been eaten for eons. While donning a robe and manipulating a mortar and pestle is the traditional, more cathartic method of grounding the elements together, a food processor will be the only tool really needed to enjoy this exotic, yet simple dish.

The mistake of using a single large can of chickpeas is an error most first-timers will make. Go for dry. Although it is more instantly gratifying to open into a can of soft beans floating amidst a salty brine, go for dry. If using canned, the final hummus product will be done in no less than ten minutes. Grow wise and realize that dry is the advantageous option.

A standard bag of garbanzo beans will yield four batches of delicious hummus per preparation. This annihilates the canned variety, which yields only one-per-can. Bag versus canned is not even a close contest. Bagged chickpeas yield over half your daily fiber serving. It is good to stay regular. Canned beans offer you only 20 percent of colon-cleansing benefits. Both varieties should pack between 7-8g of protein.

The instructions for making hummus are as follows:

Take a bag of dry chickpeas, and rinse and drain 1.5 dry cups worth.

Look out for stones and dark brown rejects.

Introduce into slow cooker along with 4 cups water. (There is no science to this ratio, as long as the chickpeas come out of the cooker brown and soft. Jesus and Moses did not need measurements and technology to enjoy this nutritious dish.)

Proceed to heat them in a slow cooker overnight on low for 8 hours.
Douse two red peppers with olive oil and bake in the oven at 375 degrees for 15 minutes until they start burning.
Flip up and over once or twice while they cook.
Prepare the rest of the elements.

Gather several garlic cloves and procure bottles of lemon juice, tahini (sesame-seed paste), cumin powder, and pita breads.

Remove the peppers and place in a closed container, allowing the steam to break the outer skin down. Using the blender as the receptacle is ideal.

Rinse in cold water to allow easier handling.                                                                                                                                                                             Peel away the pepper skin, then rip off the stem to subtract the inner membrane containing seeds. Leave seeds in if you want a spicy hummus.

Remove as much water from the peppers as possible. Use a “salad-spinner” if feeling fancy.
Now you are ready for the genesis of a hummus batch.

Throw the peppers into the blender along with 2 to 5 garlic cloves, 3 tbs. tahini (sesame-seed paste), liberal splashes of lemon juice, and 1-2 tbs. cumin powder.

Blend this together before adding chickpeas.                                                                                                                                                                                       Once it is broken down and liquid, start adding beans. You may need a tool to fold the mixture around if blender blade ceases effectiveness.

If the mixture becomes too thick, and you want to add viscosity or want hummus-soup, introduce some olive oil.

Upon full assimilation, and when no full beans can be seen, transfer hummus into a storage device to be chilled.
The dish can be enjoyed cold or warm.

Pita is the most authentic device to transfer hummus from storage to mouth/body. Markets provide packs of ten for close to an American dollar. Heat one briefly in the oven until malleable. Now sit cross-legged in desert sands beside a camel to dip and consume whilst drinking mint tea.

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Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter found in the blood platelets, digestive tract, brain and pineal glands that sends chemical messages between different nerve cells.  Low levels of this neurotransmitter can increase aggressive behavior, depression, anxiety and sleep disorders.  Serotonin, also known as hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is commonly referred to as the “feel good hormone” because in appropriate levels it can make you feel positive and balanced.

The main function of serotonin is to maintain the emotional balance of a person while also minimizing stress and depression and regulating sleep patterns.  When serotonin is low and feelings of being sluggish and depressed arise, people often seek out a “quick fix.”  This is usually a sugar-rush or temporary “high” achieved from grabbing a sugary snack like a donut.  This sugar rush will last temporarily, but since the serotonin level will remain unaffected, the rush will crash and the depressive feelings will resurface.  Opting to grab something sugary when feeling low will also lead to weight gain — which will only increase the negative feelings and thoughts.

There are many different foods and habits, however, that will naturally increase serotonin levels in the body.  These kinds of foods will gradually lead to a permanent fix instead of one that is temporary and often regretted.  Foods that will naturally boost serotonin levels range from proteins to carbohydrates.

Any food that is rich in protein will contain the amino acid called tryptophan.  Tryptophan is a precursor of serotonin; it is converted to serotonin in the brain.

These protein rich foods include:

Poultry – eggs, chicken, turkey
Meat — (LEAN) pork, lamb
Fish — salmon, tuna
Dairy — low fat milk, yogurt
Soy — beans, nuts
Legumes — peas (including green, black-eyed and chick), beans (green, black, lima and kidney)

Carbohydrates are also used to naturally increase levels of serotonin.  This is not the sugary pastry that creates a temporary high, or the “comfort food” pasta dinner.  Those types of foods are simple carbohydrates.  The body needs complex carbs that will digest slowly, get into the blood stream and be transported to the brain, to raise serotonin levels.  Complex carbs will also enhance insulin production which allows tryptophan to reach the brain quicker (and therefore be converted into serotonin).

These complex carbohydrates include:

Whole wheat
Nuts — almonds, walnuts, pecans (unsalted is healthiest)
Vegetables — sweet potatoes, squash
Dark Chocolate — Yes!  (In limited amounts)
Fresh Fruits

To help the production of serotonin in the body, it is important to maintain a diet rich in vitamin B and omega 3 fatty acids.  Foods with ample amounts of vitamin B include brown rice, chicken, eggs, legumes, nuts and peas.  Omega 3 fatty acids are most often found in fish oils, salmon, tuna, etc.  Omega 6 fatty acids, found in canola oil, flax, grape seed oil, etc., are also beneficial to the production of serotonin.

Besides food, there are different ways to increase the levels of serotonin in the body and create a more balanced, healthy self.

Exercise is very important!  This idea is one that will help every aspect of the body, not just raising serotonin.  Exercise is always necessary and should never be forgotten.  If the body takes in all the aforementioned foods to increases levels of serotonin but is not given the appropriate amount of movement, the food will not be nearly as effective as its potential.  Exercise can be fun.  Classes like yoga, Zumba or aerobics will provide an excellent, fun workout without feeling overworked.  Swimming or walking are both great methods of exercise where a gym membership is not required.  Setting aside time at least three times a week will help get serotonin flowing in the body.

Sleep is extremely important in the production of serotonin.  The number one way to determine if Serotonin Deficiency Syndrome is present in a person is to monitor sleep habits.  Most sleeping disorders are related to serotonin deficiencies.  The brain will change serotonin into melatonin (the sleep hormone) during the night, so the amount of serotonin is always proportional to the amount of melatonin.  The body needs at least six to eight hours of sleep each day to run properly.  The best way to establish better sleep habits is to go to the bed at the same time every night; the television, radio, etc., should be off and not used as a sleep aid.

Food, exercise and sleep may not be enough to raise the levels of serotonin in everybody.  This is when Serotonin Deficiency Syndrome plays a role and it is advisable to schedule a visit with a doctor.  There are serotonin supplements that a doctor might recommend or prescribe.  These supplements can raise serotonin considerably and should not be taken without medical supervision.

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